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How should medication be used during pregnancy?

Gynecology Specialist Op.Dr. Nuri Ceydeli, gave information about drug use during pregnancy.

Nowadays, with the changing environmental conditions, pregnancy follow-up is getting a little complicated. Many mothers are inadvertently exposed to various environmental factors. It is not possible to protect from some of these environmental factors. For example, air pollution, gases generated by the exhausts of cars, radioactive substances caused by various wastes, electromagnetic waves emitted by telephone transmitters. Besides, mothers are obliged to use medicine due to various diseases encountered during pregnancy. Although these drugs are recommended to patients by their doctors, they are not used by patients on the assumption that they may be harmful to the baby. The point to be considered here; to determine the profit-loss ratio of the drug to be used. If the expectant mother is going to use a drug, the benefit of that drug should be greater than the harm it will cause. Otherwise, the necessity of using the drug should be questioned again. Apart from these, there are medicines that the mothers use because of their pre-existing diseases and they have to use during pregnancy. For example, antihypertensive drugs used by a patient with chronic hypertension, insulin used by a diabetic patient, thyroid drugs used by a thyroid patient, antiepileptic drugs used by an epileptic patient. As mentioned at the beginning of the article, all medications to be used during pregnancy are classified by international scientific organizations. This classification is accepted all over the world. If a drug is to be administered to a pregnant or breastfeeding mother, it is necessary to know which group this drug is. This classification is roughly as follows;

Group A: In controlled studies in humans, no risk was detected on the fetus.
Group B: There is no risk in animal studies, but no controlled studies in pregnant women.
Group C: There is a risk to the fetus in animal studies, but no controlled studies in pregnant women. These drugs should be used only if the expected benefit is greater than the harm to the fetus.
Group D: There is evidence of fetal risk in humans. Definitely contraindicated.
X group: Fetal anomalies have been shown in animal or human studies.
It is not even possible for the experts to know which class of all drugs is. There are books that regulate and update periodically. In daily practice, these books can be consulted, especially on drugs that are not frequently used. This is really a matter of time and effort. It has taken a long time to develop a reference guide that assesses the risks of all or used drugs on the fetus and newborn. Nowadays, it is better to understand how difficult it is, given that drugs are constantly developing and active ingredients are updated.
Even if a drug rarely causes problems in the group with extensive use, it is necessary to avoid drug use without any justification during pregnancy. In addition, individual sensitivities should not be ignored. Teratogenic effects of drugs may cause anatomical malformations on the fetus. This effect is related to dose and duration of use. The fetus is more vulnerable to external factors in the first 3 months of pregnancy. The effect of drugs on the fetus has not been clearly established. It may affect the mother's receptors indirectly or directly affect embryonic development and cause anomalies. Changes in the metabolism of the placenta affect the development of the fetus. Most of the drugs taken by pregnant women cross the placenta and enter the bloodstream of the fetus. Since the fetus cannot metabolize the drug like a mother, its development is affected and a number of damages occur. The doctor should not be left alone in terms of drug use. Every woman of childbearing age should take the responsibility to be careful about her medication.
If use of a medicament is required, it should be preferred to be of group A and B according to the classification described above. The C group can also be used if necessary.
To give an example to a few commonly used drugs in daily life;
Used as painkiller or antipyretic paracetamol: It's group B. But if high doses are used for a long time, anemia in the mother can cause kidney disease in the baby.
Again used as a stronger painkiller NSAIDs'Most of the s except naproxen: C group.
Hepatitis B vaccine, influenza vaccine: Group C. Even if it is to be done, it should be done after the first trimester.
Used for genital herpes Acyclovir: It's group B. The safety of systemic use in pregnant women has not been established.
Common antibiotics
penicillin gurbu amoxicillin: group B.
penicillin ampicillin group: B group.
cephalosporins: It's group B.
erythromycin: It's group B.
tetracycline and doxycycline: It's group D. Selected for discharge and upper respiratory tract infections macrolides group azithromycin: group B.
Used as artificial sweetener
Aspartame: It's group B.
cyclamate: C group. Used in preeclampsia or various diseases aspirin: C group. However, teratogenic effect was not observed in low dose use (40-150 mg./day).
Used to treat prolactin height Bromocriptine: C group.
Consumed in average amounts during pregnancy caffeine: It's group B.
Used in the treatment of typhoid fever chloramphenicol: C group.
Used in stomach complaints
cimetidine, famotidine: It's group B.
Proton pump inhibitors: C group. Used in urinary tract infections ciprofloxacin: C group.
Used in ovulation induction clomiphene: X is the group.
Cortisone Usage: Group C.
Blood thinner oral anticoagulants: It's group D.
Low molecular weight heparins: It's group B.
Sedative Diazepam: It's group D.
Cholesterol lowering drugs fluvastatin, lovastatin: X is the group.
1-3 months before the onset of pregnancy and continued for the first 3 months folic acid: A group.
aminoglycosides Gentamicin from the group: C group.
Oral antidiabetic glipizide: group C.
Oral antihyperglycemic metformin: B group.
Hepatitis B and tetanus immunoglobulin: C group.
Insulin: It's group B. It is accepted that it does not pass through the placenta because it is a large molecule.
Used in the treatment of hypothyroidism You levotrok: A group.
Antiinfective, amebicide metronidazole: It's group B.
Used in early nausea of ​​pregnancy ondansetron: It's group B.

It is possible to extend the list in this way. Here we want to give the message; There are also drugs suitable for use in pregnancy. The important thing is to know their risks and benefits very well and use them properly. Healthy mothers are required for healthy pregnancies.

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Traditional recipes are those that continue to triumph despite the years, thanks to their simplicity and quality. Potatoes a la Riojana are a traditional Spanish dish that we can cook for children.

Potatoes and chorizo ​​are a nutritious combination that children will love. It contains carbohydrates, fats and proteins, which is why it is a good main dish for the cold months.

• 1 kg. of patatos
• 250 gr. chorizo
• 1 onion
• 2 green peppers
• 1 roasted red pepper
• 2 cloves of garlic
• 2 liters of meat broth
• Laurel
• Olive oil
• Salt

1. Put oil to heat in a large pot. Chop the onion very finely and fry it until it is transparent.

2. Add the chopped green pepper, the chopped chorizo ​​and the bay leaf and fry for a few minutes over medium heat.

3. Add the paprika and the broth (or water, failing that) and wait for it to boil.

4. Peel and chop the potatoes. When the broth comes to a boil add the potatoes and cook everything for about 15 minutes, until the potatoes are soft.

5. Add the chopped roasted pepper and serve.

The Children's Guide trick: For those who like spicy, add a pinch of cayenne pepper or a chilli

You can read more articles similar to Potatoes Riojana's style. Spanish recipe for children, in the category of Potatoes on site.

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5 intimate changes after childbirth

Pregnancy and childbirth cause some changes in the female body, some of which are clearly intimate. How does the vagina change?

I tell all my moms that the baby's birth in the first few months of the year would prepare for less sleep, marathon breastfeeding, and a complete change in life. However, we talk much less about the changes that a woman's body goes through, and still treat the taboo more of what happens to our intimate body parts, like the sheath, after childbirth. "Every woman can experience some vaginal change after childbirth, and no one will have the vagina as before pregnancy," she says. dr. Alyssa Dweck szьlйsz-nхgyуgyбsz. However, it is known that some of the changes are only temporary and, for example, by resetting the hormonal balance, the vagina will regain (at least largely) its previous state. In addition, we can do a lot for ourselves in terms of faster regeneration. Let's see what changes we can count on!It is also important to know about these intimate changes

Filled sleeve

It is quite normal for a pelvis to become loose and to become numb after the birth of a large quantity of newborn. Because of this, the vagina will also be longer and looser, especially in the first year after birth. The value of this depends on a number of factors, such as how long the buttering lasted and how long the newborn was. Intimacy exercises can speed up regeneration and can also help a lot if you exercise your body weight and try to relax and exercise.

Hьvelyszбrazsбg

Even if the first change is only for those who have had a vaginal birth, they can also meet those who have had a cesarean section! Among these changes is the vagina, which is one of the most common complaints of breastfeeding mothers. The problem depends on the decrease in estrogen levels, and usually goes away with the end of breastfeeding and the return of menstruation. However, vaginal sex can make your sexual intercourse uncomfortable and painful, so it is worth using! If the skeleton available in pharmaceuticals or drugs is not complied with, a topical application of an estrogen-containing cream is possible, but consult our specialist.

Fбjdalom

Parenting certainly bears the sheath and its vicinity, and may have smaller or greater bruises - these include the mid section. Of course, the incision, tear after birth, is sewn and sewn together, but the pain and inconvenience can last much longer than releasing or removing the stitches. Usually it takes a few weeks for complete healing. If the pain is excessively severe, it can be relieved by the use of gentle compressions or pain-free painkillers.

Szнnvбltozбsok

The color of the vulva may also change after birth, partly due to hormonal changes and in part due to physical effects. Usually, maternity can look darker, but you don't have to be scared. The changes also affect mothers who have given birth to a baby through cesarean section. The darker shade of the vulva may become lighter over time, but will probably not return to pre-natal shade.

Bloody voices

After birth, so-called lochia may disappear from the vagina, a mixture of blood and fluids. The amount, color, and average of the lochia may change continuously in the weeks following the birth, but generally disappear by the sixth week. Childbirth bleeding is a completely natural process and you do not need to worry about it, unless it is accompanied by unpleasant odors, pain and itching. (Via) You may also be interested in:

• Infant: What can we do to help with postpartum regeneration?
• Painful sex after childbirth- what's the solution?
• After Birth: A couple of things nobody talks about